Files
git.stella-ops.org/src/__Libraries/StellaOps.Cryptography.CertificateStatus/OcspClient.cs
2026-02-01 21:37:40 +02:00

445 lines
16 KiB
C#

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// OcspClient.cs
// Sprint: SPRINT_20260119_008 Certificate Status Provider
// Task: CSP-002 - OCSP Client Implementation
// Description: RFC 6960 OCSP client with request generation and response parsing.
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
using Microsoft.Extensions.Caching.Memory;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using StellaOps.Cryptography.CertificateStatus.Abstractions;
using System.Formats.Asn1;
using System.Net.Http.Headers;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
namespace StellaOps.Cryptography.CertificateStatus;
/// <summary>
/// OCSP client implementation following RFC 6960.
/// </summary>
public sealed class OcspClient
{
private const string OcspRequestContentType = "application/ocsp-request";
private const string OcspResponseContentType = "application/ocsp-response";
private const int MaxGetRequestSize = 255;
private readonly IHttpClientFactory _httpClientFactory;
private readonly IMemoryCache _cache;
private readonly ILogger<OcspClient> _logger;
/// <summary>
/// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="OcspClient"/> class.
/// </summary>
public OcspClient(
IHttpClientFactory httpClientFactory,
IMemoryCache cache,
ILogger<OcspClient> logger)
{
_httpClientFactory = httpClientFactory;
_cache = cache;
_logger = logger;
}
/// <summary>
/// Checks the revocation status of a certificate via OCSP.
/// </summary>
public async Task<CertificateStatusResult> CheckStatusAsync(
X509Certificate2 certificate,
X509Certificate2 issuer,
CertificateStatusOptions options,
CancellationToken cancellationToken = default)
{
// Get OCSP responder URL from certificate
var ocspUrl = GetOcspResponderUrl(certificate);
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(ocspUrl))
{
return CertificateStatusResult.Unavailable("No OCSP responder URL in certificate");
}
// Check cache first
var cacheKey = $"ocsp:{certificate.Thumbprint}";
if (options.EnableCaching && _cache.TryGetValue(cacheKey, out CertificateStatusResult? cached))
{
if (cached!.IsFresh)
{
_logger.LogDebug("OCSP cache hit for {Thumbprint}", certificate.Thumbprint);
return cached;
}
}
try
{
// Generate OCSP request
var nonce = options.IncludeOcspNonce ? GenerateNonce() : null;
var ocspRequest = GenerateOcspRequest(certificate, issuer, nonce);
// Send request
var responseBytes = await SendOcspRequestAsync(
ocspUrl, ocspRequest, options.RequestTimeout, cancellationToken);
// Parse response
var result = ParseOcspResponse(responseBytes, certificate, nonce, ocspUrl);
// Cache successful responses
if (options.EnableCaching && result.Status == RevocationStatus.Good && result.NextUpdate.HasValue)
{
var expiry = result.NextUpdate.Value - DateTimeOffset.UtcNow;
if (expiry > TimeSpan.Zero && expiry <= options.MaxOcspAge)
{
_cache.Set(cacheKey, result, expiry);
}
}
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogWarning(ex, "OCSP check failed for {Thumbprint}", certificate.Thumbprint);
return CertificateStatusResult.Unavailable($"OCSP request failed: {ex.Message}");
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Parses a pre-fetched OCSP response.
/// </summary>
public CertificateStatusResult ParseStapledResponse(
ReadOnlyMemory<byte> responseBytes,
X509Certificate2 certificate)
{
return ParseOcspResponse(responseBytes.ToArray(), certificate, null, null);
}
private async Task<byte[]> SendOcspRequestAsync(
string url,
byte[] request,
TimeSpan timeout,
CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
var client = _httpClientFactory.CreateClient("OCSP");
client.Timeout = timeout;
HttpResponseMessage response;
// Use GET for small requests, POST for larger ones
if (request.Length <= MaxGetRequestSize)
{
var base64Url = Convert.ToBase64String(request)
.Replace('+', '-')
.Replace('/', '_')
.TrimEnd('=');
var getUrl = $"{url.TrimEnd('/')}/{Uri.EscapeDataString(base64Url)}";
response = await client.GetAsync(getUrl, cancellationToken);
}
else
{
var content = new ByteArrayContent(request);
content.Headers.ContentType = new MediaTypeHeaderValue(OcspRequestContentType);
response = await client.PostAsync(url, content, cancellationToken);
}
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
var contentType = response.Content.Headers.ContentType?.MediaType;
if (contentType != OcspResponseContentType)
{
_logger.LogWarning("Unexpected OCSP response content type: {ContentType}", contentType);
}
return await response.Content.ReadAsByteArrayAsync(cancellationToken);
}
private byte[] GenerateOcspRequest(
X509Certificate2 certificate,
X509Certificate2 issuer,
byte[]? nonce)
{
var writer = new AsnWriter(AsnEncodingRules.DER);
// OCSPRequest ::= SEQUENCE { tbsRequest TBSRequest, ... }
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
// TBSRequest ::= SEQUENCE { version, requestorName, requestList, extensions }
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
// requestList SEQUENCE OF Request
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
// Request ::= SEQUENCE { reqCert CertID, ... }
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
WriteCertId(writer, certificate, issuer);
}
}
// extensions [2] EXPLICIT Extensions OPTIONAL
if (nonce is not null)
{
using (writer.PushSequence(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 2)))
{
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
// Extension for nonce
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
writer.WriteObjectIdentifier("1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1.2"); // id-pkix-ocsp-nonce
writer.WriteOctetString(nonce);
}
}
}
}
}
}
return writer.Encode();
}
private static void WriteCertId(AsnWriter writer, X509Certificate2 certificate, X509Certificate2 issuer)
{
// CertID ::= SEQUENCE { hashAlgorithm, issuerNameHash, issuerKeyHash, serialNumber }
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
// hashAlgorithm AlgorithmIdentifier (SHA-256)
using (writer.PushSequence())
{
writer.WriteObjectIdentifier("2.16.840.1.101.3.4.2.1"); // SHA-256
writer.WriteNull();
}
// issuerNameHash OCTET STRING
var issuerNameHash = SHA256.HashData(issuer.SubjectName.RawData);
writer.WriteOctetString(issuerNameHash);
// issuerKeyHash OCTET STRING
var issuerKeyHash = SHA256.HashData(GetSubjectPublicKeyInfo(issuer));
writer.WriteOctetString(issuerKeyHash);
// serialNumber CertificateSerialNumber
var serialBytes = certificate.SerialNumberBytes.ToArray();
// Reverse for big-endian
Array.Reverse(serialBytes);
writer.WriteIntegerUnsigned(serialBytes);
}
}
private static byte[] GetSubjectPublicKeyInfo(X509Certificate2 certificate)
{
// Extract the public key bytes from the certificate
var publicKey = certificate.PublicKey;
return publicKey.EncodedKeyValue.RawData;
}
private CertificateStatusResult ParseOcspResponse(
byte[] responseBytes,
X509Certificate2 certificate,
byte[]? expectedNonce,
string? responderUrl)
{
try
{
var reader = new AsnReader(responseBytes, AsnEncodingRules.DER);
var responseSequence = reader.ReadSequence();
// OCSPResponse ::= SEQUENCE { responseStatus, responseBytes }
var statusValue = responseSequence.ReadEnumeratedBytes();
var status = (OcspResponseStatus)statusValue.Span[0];
if (status != OcspResponseStatus.Successful)
{
return CertificateStatusResult.Unavailable($"OCSP responder returned status: {status}");
}
if (!responseSequence.HasData)
{
return CertificateStatusResult.Unavailable("OCSP response has no response bytes");
}
// responseBytes [0] EXPLICIT ResponseBytes
var responseBytesWrapper = responseSequence.ReadSequence(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 0));
var responseType = responseBytesWrapper.ReadObjectIdentifier();
if (responseType != "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1.1") // id-pkix-ocsp-basic
{
return CertificateStatusResult.Unknown(RevocationSource.Ocsp, $"Unknown OCSP response type: {responseType}");
}
var basicResponseBytes = responseBytesWrapper.ReadOctetString();
return ParseBasicOcspResponse(basicResponseBytes, certificate, expectedNonce, responderUrl, responseBytes);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogWarning(ex, "Failed to parse OCSP response");
return CertificateStatusResult.Unavailable($"Failed to parse OCSP response: {ex.Message}");
}
}
private CertificateStatusResult ParseBasicOcspResponse(
byte[] basicResponseBytes,
X509Certificate2 certificate,
byte[]? expectedNonce,
string? responderUrl,
byte[] rawResponse)
{
var reader = new AsnReader(basicResponseBytes, AsnEncodingRules.DER);
var basicResponse = reader.ReadSequence();
// tbsResponseData
var tbsResponseData = basicResponse.ReadSequence();
// Skip version if present [0]
if (tbsResponseData.PeekTag().TagClass == TagClass.ContextSpecific && tbsResponseData.PeekTag().TagValue == 0)
{
tbsResponseData.ReadSequence(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 0));
}
// responderID (skip)
tbsResponseData.ReadEncodedValue();
// producedAt GeneralizedTime
var producedAt = tbsResponseData.ReadGeneralizedTime();
// responses SEQUENCE OF SingleResponse
var responses = tbsResponseData.ReadSequence();
while (responses.HasData)
{
var singleResponse = responses.ReadSequence();
// certID CertID (skip for now, assume single cert)
singleResponse.ReadSequence();
// certStatus CHOICE
var certStatusTag = singleResponse.PeekTag();
RevocationStatus revocationStatus;
DateTimeOffset? revocationTime = null;
RevocationReason? revocationReason = null;
if (certStatusTag.TagValue == 0) // good [0] IMPLICIT NULL
{
singleResponse.ReadNull(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 0));
revocationStatus = RevocationStatus.Good;
}
else if (certStatusTag.TagValue == 1) // revoked [1] IMPLICIT RevokedInfo
{
var revokedInfo = singleResponse.ReadSequence(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 1));
revocationTime = revokedInfo.ReadGeneralizedTime();
if (revokedInfo.HasData)
{
var reasonTag = revokedInfo.PeekTag();
if (reasonTag.TagClass == TagClass.ContextSpecific && reasonTag.TagValue == 0)
{
var reasonBytes = revokedInfo.ReadEnumeratedBytes(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 0));
revocationReason = (RevocationReason)reasonBytes.Span[0];
}
}
revocationStatus = RevocationStatus.Revoked;
}
else // unknown [2] IMPLICIT NULL
{
singleResponse.ReadNull(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 2));
revocationStatus = RevocationStatus.Unknown;
}
// thisUpdate GeneralizedTime
var thisUpdate = singleResponse.ReadGeneralizedTime();
// nextUpdate [0] EXPLICIT GeneralizedTime OPTIONAL
DateTimeOffset? nextUpdate = null;
if (singleResponse.HasData && singleResponse.PeekTag().TagClass == TagClass.ContextSpecific)
{
var nextUpdateWrapper = singleResponse.ReadSequence(new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 0));
nextUpdate = nextUpdateWrapper.ReadGeneralizedTime();
}
if (revocationStatus == RevocationStatus.Revoked)
{
return CertificateStatusResult.Revoked(
RevocationSource.Ocsp,
revocationTime ?? DateTimeOffset.UtcNow,
revocationReason ?? Abstractions.RevocationReason.Unspecified);
}
return new CertificateStatusResult
{
Status = revocationStatus,
Source = RevocationSource.Ocsp,
ProducedAt = producedAt,
ThisUpdate = thisUpdate,
NextUpdate = nextUpdate,
ResponderUrl = responderUrl,
RawOcspResponse = rawResponse
};
}
return CertificateStatusResult.Unknown(RevocationSource.Ocsp, "No matching response found");
}
private static string? GetOcspResponderUrl(X509Certificate2 certificate)
{
const string authorityInfoAccessOid = "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.1.1";
const string ocspOid = "1.3.6.1.5.5.7.48.1";
foreach (var extension in certificate.Extensions)
{
if (extension.Oid?.Value != authorityInfoAccessOid)
continue;
try
{
var reader = new AsnReader(extension.RawData, AsnEncodingRules.DER);
var sequence = reader.ReadSequence();
while (sequence.HasData)
{
var accessDescription = sequence.ReadSequence();
var method = accessDescription.ReadObjectIdentifier();
if (method == ocspOid)
{
// accessLocation is [6] IA5String for URI
var tag = accessDescription.PeekTag();
if (tag.TagClass == TagClass.ContextSpecific && tag.TagValue == 6)
{
var urlBytes = accessDescription.ReadCharacterString(
UniversalTagNumber.IA5String,
new Asn1Tag(TagClass.ContextSpecific, 6));
return urlBytes;
}
}
// Skip remaining access location
if (accessDescription.HasData)
{
accessDescription.ReadEncodedValue();
}
}
}
catch
{
// Ignore parse errors
}
}
return null;
}
private static byte[] GenerateNonce()
{
var nonce = new byte[16];
RandomNumberGenerator.Fill(nonce);
return nonce;
}
private enum OcspResponseStatus
{
Successful = 0,
MalformedRequest = 1,
InternalError = 2,
TryLater = 3,
SigRequired = 5,
Unauthorized = 6
}
}