using System.Buffers;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text.Encodings.Web;
using System.Text.Json;
using StellaOps.Zastava.Core.Contracts;
using StellaOps.Zastava.Core.Hashing;
using StellaOps.Zastava.Core.Serialization;
using StellaOps.Zastava.Core.Security;

namespace StellaOps.Zastava.Webhook.Admission;

internal sealed class AdmissionResponseBuilder
{
    public (AdmissionDecisionEnvelope Envelope, AdmissionReviewResponseDto Response) Build(
        AdmissionRequestContext context,
        RuntimeAdmissionEvaluation evaluation)
    {
        var decision = BuildDecision(context, evaluation);
        var envelope = AdmissionDecisionEnvelope.Create(decision, ZastavaContractVersions.AdmissionDecision);
        ZastavaContractValidator.ValidateAdmissionDecision(envelope);
        var auditAnnotations = CreateAuditAnnotations(envelope, evaluation);

        var warnings = BuildWarnings(evaluation);
        var allowed = evaluation.Decisions.All(static d => d.Allowed);
        var status = allowed
            ? null
            : new AdmissionReviewStatus
            {
                Code = 403,
                Message = BuildFailureMessage(evaluation)
            };

        var response = new AdmissionReviewResponseDto
        {
            ApiVersion = context.ApiVersion,
            Kind = context.Kind,
            Response = new AdmissionReviewResponsePayload
            {
                Uid = context.Uid,
                Allowed = allowed,
                Status = status,
                Warnings = warnings,
                AuditAnnotations = auditAnnotations
            }
        };

        return (envelope, response);
    }

    private static AdmissionDecision BuildDecision(AdmissionRequestContext context, RuntimeAdmissionEvaluation evaluation)
    {
        var images = new List<AdmissionImageVerdict>(evaluation.Decisions.Count);
        for (var i = 0; i < evaluation.Decisions.Count; i++)
        {
            var decision = evaluation.Decisions[i];
            var container = context.Containers[Math.Min(i, context.Containers.Count - 1)];

            var metadata = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal)
            {
                ["image"] = decision.OriginalImage
            };

            if (!string.Equals(container.Image, container.Name, StringComparison.Ordinal))
            {
                metadata["container"] = container.Name;
            }

            if (decision.FromCache)
            {
                metadata["cache"] = "hit";
            }

            if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(decision.SurfacePointer))
            {
                metadata["surfacePointer"] = decision.SurfacePointer!;
            }

            var resolved = decision.ResolvedDigest ?? decision.OriginalImage;

            images.Add(new AdmissionImageVerdict
            {
                Name = container.Name,
                Resolved = resolved,
                Signed = decision.Policy?.Signed ?? false,
                HasSbomReferrers = decision.Policy?.HasSbom ?? false,
                PolicyVerdict = decision.Verdict,
                Reasons = decision.Reasons,
                Rekor = decision.Policy?.Rekor,
                Metadata = metadata
            });
        }

        return new AdmissionDecision
        {
            AdmissionId = context.Uid,
            Namespace = context.Namespace,
            PodSpecDigest = ComputePodSpecDigest(context.PodSpec),
            Images = images,
            Decision = evaluation.Decisions.All(static d => d.Allowed)
                ? AdmissionDecisionOutcome.Allow
                : AdmissionDecisionOutcome.Deny,
            TtlSeconds = Math.Max(0, evaluation.TtlSeconds),
            Annotations = BuildAnnotations(evaluation)
        };
    }

    private static IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string>? BuildAnnotations(RuntimeAdmissionEvaluation evaluation)
    {
        if (!evaluation.BackendFailed && !evaluation.FailOpenApplied && evaluation.FailureReason is null)
        {
            return null;
        }

        var annotations = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
        if (evaluation.BackendFailed)
        {
            annotations["zastava.backend.failed"] = "true";
        }

        if (evaluation.FailOpenApplied)
        {
            annotations["zastava.failOpen"] = "true";
        }

        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(evaluation.FailureReason))
        {
            annotations["zastava.failureReason"] = evaluation.FailureReason!;
        }

        return annotations;
    }

    private static IReadOnlyDictionary<string, string> CreateAuditAnnotations(AdmissionDecisionEnvelope envelope, RuntimeAdmissionEvaluation evaluation)
    {
        var annotations = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal)
        {
            ["zastava.stellaops/admission"] = ZastavaCanonicalJsonSerializer.Serialize(envelope)
        };

        if (evaluation.FailOpenApplied)
        {
            annotations["zastava.stellaops/failOpen"] = "true";
        }

        return annotations;
    }

    private static IReadOnlyList<string>? BuildWarnings(RuntimeAdmissionEvaluation evaluation)
    {
        var warnings = new List<string>();
        if (evaluation.FailOpenApplied)
        {
            warnings.Add("zastava.fail_open.applied");
        }

        foreach (var decision in evaluation.Decisions)
        {
            if (decision.Verdict == PolicyVerdict.Warn)
            {
                warnings.Add($"policy.warn:{decision.OriginalImage}");
            }
        }

        return warnings.Count == 0 ? null : warnings;
    }

    private static string BuildFailureMessage(RuntimeAdmissionEvaluation evaluation)
    {
        if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(evaluation.FailureReason))
        {
            return evaluation.FailureReason!;
        }

        var denied = evaluation.Decisions
            .Where(static d => !d.Allowed)
            .SelectMany(static d => d.Reasons)
            .Distinct(StringComparer.Ordinal)
            .ToArray();

        return denied.Length > 0
            ? string.Join(", ", denied)
            : "admission.denied";
    }

    private static string ComputePodSpecDigest(JsonElement podSpec)
    {
        var buffer = new ArrayBufferWriter<byte>();
        using (var writer = new Utf8JsonWriter(buffer, new JsonWriterOptions
        {
            Encoder = JavaScriptEncoder.UnsafeRelaxedJsonEscaping,
            Indented = false
        }))
        {
            WriteCanonical(podSpec, writer);
        }

        return ZastavaHashing.ComputeMultihash(buffer.WrittenSpan);
    }

    private static void WriteCanonical(JsonElement element, Utf8JsonWriter writer)
    {
        switch (element.ValueKind)
        {
            case JsonValueKind.Object:
                writer.WriteStartObject();
                foreach (var property in element.EnumerateObject().OrderBy(static p => p.Name, StringComparer.Ordinal))
                {
                    writer.WritePropertyName(property.Name);
                    WriteCanonical(property.Value, writer);
                }
                writer.WriteEndObject();
                break;
            case JsonValueKind.Array:
                writer.WriteStartArray();
                foreach (var item in element.EnumerateArray())
                {
                    WriteCanonical(item, writer);
                }
                writer.WriteEndArray();
                break;
            default:
                element.WriteTo(writer);
                break;
        }
    }
}