Restructure solution layout by module
Some checks failed
Docs CI / lint-and-preview (push) Has been cancelled
Some checks failed
Docs CI / lint-and-preview (push) Has been cancelled
This commit is contained in:
root
@@ -1,443 +1,443 @@
|
||||
# component_architecture_authority.md — **Stella Ops Authority** (2025Q4)
|
||||
|
||||
> **Scope.** Implementation‑ready architecture for **Stella Ops Authority**: the on‑prem **OIDC/OAuth2** service that issues **short‑lived, sender‑constrained operational tokens (OpToks)** to first‑party services and tools. Covers protocols (DPoP & mTLS binding), token shapes, endpoints, storage, rotation, HA, RBAC, audit, and testing. This component is the trust anchor for *who* is calling inside a Stella Ops installation. (Entitlement is proven separately by **PoE** from the cloud Licensing Service; Authority does not issue PoE.)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 0) Mission & boundaries
|
||||
|
||||
**Mission.** Provide **fast, local, verifiable** authentication for Stella Ops microservices and tools by minting **very short‑lived** OAuth2/OIDC tokens that are **sender‑constrained** (DPoP or mTLS‑bound). Support RBAC scopes, multi‑tenant claims, and deterministic validation for APIs (Scanner, Signer, Attestor, Excititor, Concelier, UI, CLI, Zastava).
|
||||
|
||||
**Boundaries.**
|
||||
|
||||
* Authority **does not** validate entitlements/licensing. That’s enforced by **Signer** using **PoE** with the cloud Licensing Service.
|
||||
* Authority tokens are **operational only** (2–5 min TTL) and must not be embedded in long‑lived artifacts or stored in SBOMs.
|
||||
* Authority is **stateless for validation** (JWT) and **optional introspection** for services that prefer online checks.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 1) Protocols & cryptography
|
||||
|
||||
* **OIDC Discovery**: `/.well-known/openid-configuration`
|
||||
* **OAuth2** grant types:
|
||||
|
||||
* **Client Credentials** (service↔service, with mTLS or private_key_jwt)
|
||||
* **Device Code** (CLI login on headless agents; optional)
|
||||
* **Authorization Code + PKCE** (browser login for UI; optional)
|
||||
* **Sender constraint options** (choose per caller or per audience):
|
||||
|
||||
* **DPoP** (Demonstration of Proof‑of‑Possession): proof JWT on each HTTP request, bound to the access token via `cnf.jkt`.
|
||||
* **OAuth 2.0 mTLS** (certificate‑bound tokens): token bound to client certificate thumbprint via `cnf.x5t#S256`.
|
||||
* **Signing algorithms**: **EdDSA (Ed25519)** preferred; fallback **ES256 (P‑256)**. Rotation is supported via **kid** in JWKS.
|
||||
* **Token format**: **JWT** access tokens (compact), optionally opaque reference tokens for services that insist on introspection.
|
||||
* **Clock skew tolerance**: ±60 s; issue `nbf`, `iat`, `exp` accordingly.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 2) Token model
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.1 Access token (OpTok) — short‑lived (120–300 s)
|
||||
|
||||
**Registered claims**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
iss = https://authority.<domain>
|
||||
sub = <client_id or user_id>
|
||||
aud = <service audience: signer|scanner|attestor|concelier|excititor|ui|zastava>
|
||||
exp = <unix ts> (<= 300 s from iat)
|
||||
iat = <unix ts>
|
||||
nbf = iat - 30
|
||||
jti = <uuid>
|
||||
scope = "scanner.scan scanner.export signer.sign ..."
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Sender‑constraint (`cnf`)**
|
||||
|
||||
* **DPoP**:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"cnf": { "jkt": "<base64url(SHA-256(JWK))>" }
|
||||
```
|
||||
* **mTLS**:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"cnf": { "x5t#S256": "<base64url(SHA-256(client_cert_der))>" }
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Install/tenant context (custom claims)**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tid = <tenant id> // multi-tenant
|
||||
inst = <installation id> // unique installation
|
||||
roles = [ "svc.scanner", "svc.signer", "ui.admin", ... ]
|
||||
plan? = <plan name> // optional hint for UIs; not used for enforcement
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note**: Do **not** copy PoE claims into OpTok; OpTok ≠ entitlement. Only **Signer** checks PoE.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.2 Refresh tokens (optional)
|
||||
|
||||
* Default **disabled**. If enabled (for UI interactive logins), pair with **DPoP‑bound** refresh tokens or **mTLS** client sessions; short TTL (≤ 8 h), rotating on use (replay‑safe).
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.3 ID tokens (optional)
|
||||
|
||||
* Issued for UI/browser OIDC flows (Authorization Code + PKCE); not used for service auth.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 3) Endpoints & flows
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.1 OIDC discovery & keys
|
||||
|
||||
* `GET /.well-known/openid-configuration` → endpoints, algs, jwks_uri
|
||||
* `GET /jwks` → JSON Web Key Set (rotating, at least 2 active keys during transition)
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.2 Token issuance
|
||||
|
||||
* `POST /oauth/token`
|
||||
|
||||
* **Client Credentials** (service→service):
|
||||
|
||||
# component_architecture_authority.md — **Stella Ops Authority** (2025Q4)
|
||||
|
||||
> **Scope.** Implementation‑ready architecture for **Stella Ops Authority**: the on‑prem **OIDC/OAuth2** service that issues **short‑lived, sender‑constrained operational tokens (OpToks)** to first‑party services and tools. Covers protocols (DPoP & mTLS binding), token shapes, endpoints, storage, rotation, HA, RBAC, audit, and testing. This component is the trust anchor for *who* is calling inside a Stella Ops installation. (Entitlement is proven separately by **PoE** from the cloud Licensing Service; Authority does not issue PoE.)
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 0) Mission & boundaries
|
||||
|
||||
**Mission.** Provide **fast, local, verifiable** authentication for Stella Ops microservices and tools by minting **very short‑lived** OAuth2/OIDC tokens that are **sender‑constrained** (DPoP or mTLS‑bound). Support RBAC scopes, multi‑tenant claims, and deterministic validation for APIs (Scanner, Signer, Attestor, Excititor, Concelier, UI, CLI, Zastava).
|
||||
|
||||
**Boundaries.**
|
||||
|
||||
* Authority **does not** validate entitlements/licensing. That’s enforced by **Signer** using **PoE** with the cloud Licensing Service.
|
||||
* Authority tokens are **operational only** (2–5 min TTL) and must not be embedded in long‑lived artifacts or stored in SBOMs.
|
||||
* Authority is **stateless for validation** (JWT) and **optional introspection** for services that prefer online checks.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 1) Protocols & cryptography
|
||||
|
||||
* **OIDC Discovery**: `/.well-known/openid-configuration`
|
||||
* **OAuth2** grant types:
|
||||
|
||||
* **Client Credentials** (service↔service, with mTLS or private_key_jwt)
|
||||
* **Device Code** (CLI login on headless agents; optional)
|
||||
* **Authorization Code + PKCE** (browser login for UI; optional)
|
||||
* **Sender constraint options** (choose per caller or per audience):
|
||||
|
||||
* **DPoP** (Demonstration of Proof‑of‑Possession): proof JWT on each HTTP request, bound to the access token via `cnf.jkt`.
|
||||
* **OAuth 2.0 mTLS** (certificate‑bound tokens): token bound to client certificate thumbprint via `cnf.x5t#S256`.
|
||||
* **Signing algorithms**: **EdDSA (Ed25519)** preferred; fallback **ES256 (P‑256)**. Rotation is supported via **kid** in JWKS.
|
||||
* **Token format**: **JWT** access tokens (compact), optionally opaque reference tokens for services that insist on introspection.
|
||||
* **Clock skew tolerance**: ±60 s; issue `nbf`, `iat`, `exp` accordingly.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 2) Token model
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.1 Access token (OpTok) — short‑lived (120–300 s)
|
||||
|
||||
**Registered claims**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
iss = https://authority.<domain>
|
||||
sub = <client_id or user_id>
|
||||
aud = <service audience: signer|scanner|attestor|concelier|excititor|ui|zastava>
|
||||
exp = <unix ts> (<= 300 s from iat)
|
||||
iat = <unix ts>
|
||||
nbf = iat - 30
|
||||
jti = <uuid>
|
||||
scope = "scanner.scan scanner.export signer.sign ..."
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Sender‑constraint (`cnf`)**
|
||||
|
||||
* **DPoP**:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"cnf": { "jkt": "<base64url(SHA-256(JWK))>" }
|
||||
```
|
||||
* **mTLS**:
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
"cnf": { "x5t#S256": "<base64url(SHA-256(client_cert_der))>" }
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**Install/tenant context (custom claims)**
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
tid = <tenant id> // multi-tenant
|
||||
inst = <installation id> // unique installation
|
||||
roles = [ "svc.scanner", "svc.signer", "ui.admin", ... ]
|
||||
plan? = <plan name> // optional hint for UIs; not used for enforcement
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
> **Note**: Do **not** copy PoE claims into OpTok; OpTok ≠ entitlement. Only **Signer** checks PoE.
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.2 Refresh tokens (optional)
|
||||
|
||||
* Default **disabled**. If enabled (for UI interactive logins), pair with **DPoP‑bound** refresh tokens or **mTLS** client sessions; short TTL (≤ 8 h), rotating on use (replay‑safe).
|
||||
|
||||
### 2.3 ID tokens (optional)
|
||||
|
||||
* Issued for UI/browser OIDC flows (Authorization Code + PKCE); not used for service auth.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 3) Endpoints & flows
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.1 OIDC discovery & keys
|
||||
|
||||
* `GET /.well-known/openid-configuration` → endpoints, algs, jwks_uri
|
||||
* `GET /jwks` → JSON Web Key Set (rotating, at least 2 active keys during transition)
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.2 Token issuance
|
||||
|
||||
* `POST /oauth/token`
|
||||
|
||||
* **Client Credentials** (service→service):
|
||||
|
||||
* **mTLS**: mutual TLS + `client_id` → bound token (`cnf.x5t#S256`)
|
||||
* `security.senderConstraints.mtls.enforceForAudiences` forces the mTLS path when requested `aud`/`resource` values intersect high-value audiences (defaults include `signer`). Authority rejects clients attempting to use DPoP/basic secrets for these audiences.
|
||||
* Stored `certificateBindings` are authoritative: thumbprint, subject, issuer, serial number, and SAN values are matched against the presented certificate, with rotation grace applied to activation windows. Failures surface deterministic error codes (e.g. `certificate_binding_subject_mismatch`).
|
||||
* **private_key_jwt**: JWT‑based client auth + **DPoP** header (preferred for tools and CLI)
|
||||
* **Device Code** (CLI): `POST /oauth/device/code` + `POST /oauth/token` poll
|
||||
* **Authorization Code + PKCE** (UI): standard
|
||||
|
||||
**DPoP handshake (example)**
|
||||
|
||||
1. Client prepares **JWK** (ephemeral keypair).
|
||||
2. Client sends **DPoP proof** header with fields:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
htm=POST
|
||||
htu=https://authority.../oauth/token
|
||||
iat=<now>
|
||||
jti=<uuid>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
signed with the DPoP private key; header carries JWK.
|
||||
3. Authority validates proof; issues access token with `cnf.jkt=<thumbprint(JWK)>`.
|
||||
4. Client uses the same DPoP key to sign **every subsequent API request** to services (Signer, Scanner, …).
|
||||
|
||||
**mTLS flow**
|
||||
|
||||
* Mutual TLS at the connection; Authority extracts client cert, validates chain; token carries `cnf.x5t#S256`.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.3 Introspection & revocation (optional)
|
||||
|
||||
* `POST /oauth/introspect` → `{ active, sub, scope, aud, exp, cnf, ... }`
|
||||
* `POST /oauth/revoke` → revokes refresh tokens or opaque access tokens.
|
||||
* **Replay prevention**: maintain **DPoP `jti` cache** (TTL ≤ 10 min) to reject duplicate proofs when services supply DPoP nonces (Signer requires nonce for high‑value operations).
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.4 UserInfo (optional for UI)
|
||||
|
||||
* `GET /userinfo` (ID token context).
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 4) Audiences, scopes & RBAC
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.1 Audiences
|
||||
|
||||
* `signer` — only the **Signer** service should accept tokens with `aud=signer`.
|
||||
* `attestor`, `scanner`, `concelier`, `excititor`, `ui`, `zastava` similarly.
|
||||
|
||||
Services **must** verify `aud` and **sender constraint** (DPoP/mTLS) per their policy.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.2 Core scopes
|
||||
|
||||
| Scope | Service | Operation |
|
||||
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------ | -------------------------- |
|
||||
| `signer.sign` | Signer | Request DSSE signing |
|
||||
| `attestor.write` | Attestor | Submit Rekor entries |
|
||||
| `scanner.scan` | Scanner.WebService | Submit scan jobs |
|
||||
| `scanner.export` | Scanner.WebService | Export SBOMs |
|
||||
| `scanner.read` | Scanner.WebService | Read catalog/SBOMs |
|
||||
| `vex.read` / `vex.admin` | Excititor | Query/operate |
|
||||
| `concelier.read` / `concelier.export` | Concelier | Query/exports |
|
||||
| `ui.read` / `ui.admin` | UI | View/admin |
|
||||
| `zastava.emit` / `zastava.enforce` | Scanner/Zastava | Runtime events / admission |
|
||||
|
||||
**Roles → scopes mapping** is configured centrally (Authority policy) and pushed during token issuance.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 5) Storage & state
|
||||
|
||||
* **Configuration DB** (PostgreSQL/MySQL): clients, audiences, role→scope maps, tenant/installation registry, device code grants, persistent consents (if any).
|
||||
* **Cache** (Redis):
|
||||
|
||||
* DPoP **jti** replay cache (short TTL)
|
||||
* **Nonce** store (per resource server, if they demand nonce)
|
||||
* Device code pollers, rate limiting buckets
|
||||
* **JWKS**: key material in HSM/KMS or encrypted at rest; JWKS served from memory.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 6) Key management & rotation
|
||||
|
||||
* Maintain **at least 2 signing keys** active during rotation; tokens carry `kid`.
|
||||
* Prefer **Ed25519** for compact tokens; maintain **ES256** fallback for FIPS contexts.
|
||||
* Rotation cadence: 30–90 days; emergency rotation supported.
|
||||
* Publish new JWKS **before** issuing tokens with the new `kid` to avoid cold‑start validation misses.
|
||||
* Keep **old keys** available **at least** for max token TTL + 5 minutes.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 7) HA & performance
|
||||
|
||||
* **Stateless issuance** (except device codes/refresh) → scale horizontally behind a load‑balancer.
|
||||
* **DB** only for client metadata and optional flows; token checks are JWT‑local; introspection endpoints hit cache/DB minimally.
|
||||
* **Targets**:
|
||||
|
||||
* Token issuance P95 ≤ **20 ms** under warm cache.
|
||||
* DPoP proof validation ≤ **1 ms** extra per request at resource servers (Signer/Scanner).
|
||||
* 99.9% uptime; HPA on CPU/latency.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 8) Security posture
|
||||
|
||||
* **Strict TLS** (1.3 preferred); HSTS; modern cipher suites.
|
||||
* **mTLS** enabled where required (Signer/Attestor paths).
|
||||
* **Replay protection**: DPoP `jti` cache, nonce support for **Signer** (add `DPoP-Nonce` header on 401; clients re‑sign).
|
||||
* **Rate limits** per client & per IP; exponential backoff on failures.
|
||||
* **Secrets**: clients use **private_key_jwt** or **mTLS**; never basic secrets over the wire.
|
||||
* **CSP/CSRF** hardening on UI flows; `SameSite=Lax` cookies; PKCE enforced.
|
||||
* **Logs** redact `Authorization` and DPoP proofs; store `sub`, `aud`, `scopes`, `inst`, `tid`, `cnf` thumbprints, not full keys.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 9) Multi‑tenancy & installations
|
||||
|
||||
* **Tenant (`tid`)** and **Installation (`inst`)** registries define which audiences/scopes a client can request.
|
||||
* Cross‑tenant isolation enforced at issuance (disallow rogue `aud`), and resource servers **must** check that `tid` matches their configured tenant.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 10) Admin & operations APIs
|
||||
|
||||
All under `/admin` (mTLS + `authority.admin` scope).
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
POST /admin/clients # create/update client (confidential/public)
|
||||
POST /admin/audiences # register audience resource URIs
|
||||
POST /admin/roles # define role→scope mappings
|
||||
POST /admin/tenants # create tenant/install entries
|
||||
POST /admin/keys/rotate # rotate signing key (zero-downtime)
|
||||
GET /admin/metrics # Prometheus exposition (token issue rates, errors)
|
||||
GET /admin/healthz|readyz # health/readiness
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Declared client `audiences` flow through to the issued JWT `aud` claim and the token request's `resource` indicators. Authority relies on this metadata to enforce DPoP nonce challenges for `signer`, `attestor`, and other high-value services without requiring clients to repeat the audience parameter on every request.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 11) Integration hard lines (what resource servers must enforce)
|
||||
|
||||
Every Stella Ops service that consumes Authority tokens **must**:
|
||||
|
||||
1. Verify JWT signature (`kid` in JWKS), `iss`, `aud`, `exp`, `nbf`.
|
||||
2. Enforce **sender‑constraint**:
|
||||
|
||||
* **DPoP**: validate DPoP proof (`htu`, `htm`, `iat`, `jti`) and match `cnf.jkt`; cache `jti` for replay defense; honor nonce challenges.
|
||||
* **mTLS**: match presented client cert thumbprint to token `cnf.x5t#S256`.
|
||||
3. Check **scopes**; optionally map to internal roles.
|
||||
4. Check **tenant** (`tid`) and **installation** (`inst`) as appropriate.
|
||||
5. For **Signer** only: require **both** OpTok and **PoE** in the request (enforced by Signer, not Authority).
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 12) Error surfaces & UX
|
||||
|
||||
* Token endpoint errors follow OAuth2 (`invalid_client`, `invalid_grant`, `invalid_scope`, `unauthorized_client`).
|
||||
* Resource servers use RFC 6750 style (`WWW-Authenticate: DPoP error="invalid_token", error_description="…", dpop_nonce="…" `).
|
||||
* For DPoP nonce challenges, clients retry with the server‑supplied nonce once.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 13) Observability & audit
|
||||
|
||||
* **Metrics**:
|
||||
|
||||
* `authority.tokens_issued_total{grant,aud}`
|
||||
* `authority.dpop_validations_total{result}`
|
||||
* `authority.mtls_bindings_total{result}`
|
||||
* `authority.jwks_rotations_total`
|
||||
* `authority.errors_total{type}`
|
||||
* **Audit log** (immutable sink): token issuance (`sub`, `aud`, `scopes`, `tid`, `inst`, `cnf thumbprint`, `jti`), revocations, admin changes.
|
||||
* **Tracing**: token flows, DB reads, JWKS cache.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 14) Configuration (YAML)
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
authority:
|
||||
issuer: "https://authority.internal"
|
||||
signing:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
activeKeyId: "authority-signing-2025"
|
||||
keyPath: "../certificates/authority-signing-2025.pem"
|
||||
algorithm: "ES256"
|
||||
keySource: "file"
|
||||
security:
|
||||
rateLimiting:
|
||||
token:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
permitLimit: 30
|
||||
window: "00:01:00"
|
||||
queueLimit: 0
|
||||
authorize:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
permitLimit: 60
|
||||
window: "00:01:00"
|
||||
queueLimit: 10
|
||||
internal:
|
||||
enabled: false
|
||||
permitLimit: 5
|
||||
window: "00:01:00"
|
||||
queueLimit: 0
|
||||
senderConstraints:
|
||||
dpop:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
allowedAlgorithms: [ "ES256", "ES384" ]
|
||||
proofLifetime: "00:02:00"
|
||||
allowedClockSkew: "00:00:30"
|
||||
replayWindow: "00:05:00"
|
||||
nonce:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
ttl: "00:10:00"
|
||||
maxIssuancePerMinute: 120
|
||||
store: "redis"
|
||||
redisConnectionString: "redis://authority-redis:6379?ssl=false"
|
||||
requiredAudiences:
|
||||
- "signer"
|
||||
- "attestor"
|
||||
mtls:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
requireChainValidation: true
|
||||
rotationGrace: "00:15:00"
|
||||
enforceForAudiences:
|
||||
- "signer"
|
||||
allowedSanTypes:
|
||||
- "dns"
|
||||
- "uri"
|
||||
allowedCertificateAuthorities:
|
||||
- "/etc/ssl/mtls/clients-ca.pem"
|
||||
clients:
|
||||
- clientId: scanner-web
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "scanner" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "private_key_jwt", jwkFile: "/secrets/scanner-web.jwk" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "dpop"
|
||||
scopes: [ "scanner.scan", "scanner.export", "scanner.read" ]
|
||||
- clientId: signer
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "signer" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "mtls" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "mtls"
|
||||
scopes: [ "signer.sign" ]
|
||||
- clientId: notify-web-dev
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "notify.dev" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "client_secret", secretFile: "/secrets/notify-web-dev.secret" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "dpop"
|
||||
scopes: [ "notify.read", "notify.admin" ]
|
||||
- clientId: notify-web
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "notify" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "client_secret", secretFile: "/secrets/notify-web.secret" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "dpop"
|
||||
scopes: [ "notify.read", "notify.admin" ]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 15) Testing matrix
|
||||
|
||||
* **JWT validation**: wrong `aud`, expired `exp`, skewed `nbf`, stale `kid`.
|
||||
* **DPoP**: invalid `htu`/`htm`, replayed `jti`, stale `iat`, wrong `jkt`, nonce dance.
|
||||
* **mTLS**: wrong client cert, wrong CA, thumbprint mismatch.
|
||||
* **RBAC**: scope enforcement per audience; over‑privileged client denied.
|
||||
* **Rotation**: JWKS rotation while load‑testing; zero‑downtime verification.
|
||||
* **HA**: kill one Authority instance; verify issuance continues; JWKS served by peers.
|
||||
* **Performance**: 1k token issuance/sec on 2 cores with Redis enabled for jti caching.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 16) Threat model & mitigations (summary)
|
||||
|
||||
| Threat | Vector | Mitigation |
|
||||
| ------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
||||
| Token theft | Copy of JWT | **Short TTL**, **sender‑constraint** (DPoP/mTLS); replay blocked by `jti` cache and nonces |
|
||||
| Replay across hosts | Reuse DPoP proof | Enforce `htu`/`htm`, `iat` freshness, `jti` uniqueness; services may require **nonce** |
|
||||
| Impersonation | Fake client | mTLS or `private_key_jwt` with pinned JWK; client registration & rotation |
|
||||
| Key compromise | Signing key leak | HSM/KMS storage, key rotation, audit; emergency key revoke path; narrow token TTL |
|
||||
| Cross‑tenant abuse | Scope elevation | Enforce `aud`, `tid`, `inst` at issuance and resource servers |
|
||||
| Downgrade to bearer | Strip DPoP | Resource servers require DPoP/mTLS based on `aud`; reject bearer without `cnf` |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 17) Deployment & HA
|
||||
|
||||
* **Stateless** microservice, containerized; run ≥ 2 replicas behind LB.
|
||||
* **DB**: HA Postgres (or MySQL) for clients/roles; **Redis** for device codes, DPoP nonces/jtis.
|
||||
* **Secrets**: mount client JWKs via K8s Secrets/HashiCorp Vault; signing keys via KMS.
|
||||
* **Backups**: DB daily; Redis not critical (ephemeral).
|
||||
* **Disaster recovery**: export/import of client registry; JWKS rehydrate from KMS.
|
||||
* **Compliance**: TLS audit; penetration testing for OIDC flows.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 18) Implementation notes
|
||||
|
||||
* Reference stack: **.NET 10** + **OpenIddict 6** (or IdentityServer if licensed) with custom DPoP validator and mTLS binding middleware.
|
||||
* Keep the DPoP/JTI cache pluggable; allow Redis/Memcached.
|
||||
* Provide **client SDKs** for C# and Go: DPoP key mgmt, proof generation, nonce handling, token refresh helper.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 19) Quick reference — wire examples
|
||||
|
||||
**Access token (payload excerpt)**
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"iss": "https://authority.internal",
|
||||
"sub": "scanner-web",
|
||||
"aud": "signer",
|
||||
"exp": 1760668800,
|
||||
"iat": 1760668620,
|
||||
"nbf": 1760668620,
|
||||
"jti": "9d9c3f01-6e1a-49f1-8f77-9b7e6f7e3c50",
|
||||
"scope": "signer.sign",
|
||||
"tid": "tenant-01",
|
||||
"inst": "install-7A2B",
|
||||
"cnf": { "jkt": "KcVb2V...base64url..." }
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**DPoP proof header fields (for POST /sign/dsse)**
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"htu": "https://signer.internal/sign/dsse",
|
||||
"htm": "POST",
|
||||
"iat": 1760668620,
|
||||
"jti": "4b1c9b3c-8a95-4c58-8a92-9c6cfb4a6a0b"
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Signer validates that `hash(JWK)` in the proof matches `cnf.jkt` in the token.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 20) Rollout plan
|
||||
|
||||
1. **MVP**: Client Credentials (private_key_jwt + DPoP), JWKS, short OpToks, per‑audience scopes.
|
||||
2. **Add**: mTLS‑bound tokens for Signer/Attestor; device code for CLI; optional introspection.
|
||||
3. **Hardening**: DPoP nonce support; full audit pipeline; HA tuning.
|
||||
4. **UX**: Tenant/installation admin UI; role→scope editors; client bootstrap wizards.
|
||||
* **Device Code** (CLI): `POST /oauth/device/code` + `POST /oauth/token` poll
|
||||
* **Authorization Code + PKCE** (UI): standard
|
||||
|
||||
**DPoP handshake (example)**
|
||||
|
||||
1. Client prepares **JWK** (ephemeral keypair).
|
||||
2. Client sends **DPoP proof** header with fields:
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
htm=POST
|
||||
htu=https://authority.../oauth/token
|
||||
iat=<now>
|
||||
jti=<uuid>
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
signed with the DPoP private key; header carries JWK.
|
||||
3. Authority validates proof; issues access token with `cnf.jkt=<thumbprint(JWK)>`.
|
||||
4. Client uses the same DPoP key to sign **every subsequent API request** to services (Signer, Scanner, …).
|
||||
|
||||
**mTLS flow**
|
||||
|
||||
* Mutual TLS at the connection; Authority extracts client cert, validates chain; token carries `cnf.x5t#S256`.
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.3 Introspection & revocation (optional)
|
||||
|
||||
* `POST /oauth/introspect` → `{ active, sub, scope, aud, exp, cnf, ... }`
|
||||
* `POST /oauth/revoke` → revokes refresh tokens or opaque access tokens.
|
||||
* **Replay prevention**: maintain **DPoP `jti` cache** (TTL ≤ 10 min) to reject duplicate proofs when services supply DPoP nonces (Signer requires nonce for high‑value operations).
|
||||
|
||||
### 3.4 UserInfo (optional for UI)
|
||||
|
||||
* `GET /userinfo` (ID token context).
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 4) Audiences, scopes & RBAC
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.1 Audiences
|
||||
|
||||
* `signer` — only the **Signer** service should accept tokens with `aud=signer`.
|
||||
* `attestor`, `scanner`, `concelier`, `excititor`, `ui`, `zastava` similarly.
|
||||
|
||||
Services **must** verify `aud` and **sender constraint** (DPoP/mTLS) per their policy.
|
||||
|
||||
### 4.2 Core scopes
|
||||
|
||||
| Scope | Service | Operation |
|
||||
| ---------------------------------- | ------------------ | -------------------------- |
|
||||
| `signer.sign` | Signer | Request DSSE signing |
|
||||
| `attestor.write` | Attestor | Submit Rekor entries |
|
||||
| `scanner.scan` | Scanner.WebService | Submit scan jobs |
|
||||
| `scanner.export` | Scanner.WebService | Export SBOMs |
|
||||
| `scanner.read` | Scanner.WebService | Read catalog/SBOMs |
|
||||
| `vex.read` / `vex.admin` | Excititor | Query/operate |
|
||||
| `concelier.read` / `concelier.export` | Concelier | Query/exports |
|
||||
| `ui.read` / `ui.admin` | UI | View/admin |
|
||||
| `zastava.emit` / `zastava.enforce` | Scanner/Zastava | Runtime events / admission |
|
||||
|
||||
**Roles → scopes mapping** is configured centrally (Authority policy) and pushed during token issuance.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 5) Storage & state
|
||||
|
||||
* **Configuration DB** (PostgreSQL/MySQL): clients, audiences, role→scope maps, tenant/installation registry, device code grants, persistent consents (if any).
|
||||
* **Cache** (Redis):
|
||||
|
||||
* DPoP **jti** replay cache (short TTL)
|
||||
* **Nonce** store (per resource server, if they demand nonce)
|
||||
* Device code pollers, rate limiting buckets
|
||||
* **JWKS**: key material in HSM/KMS or encrypted at rest; JWKS served from memory.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 6) Key management & rotation
|
||||
|
||||
* Maintain **at least 2 signing keys** active during rotation; tokens carry `kid`.
|
||||
* Prefer **Ed25519** for compact tokens; maintain **ES256** fallback for FIPS contexts.
|
||||
* Rotation cadence: 30–90 days; emergency rotation supported.
|
||||
* Publish new JWKS **before** issuing tokens with the new `kid` to avoid cold‑start validation misses.
|
||||
* Keep **old keys** available **at least** for max token TTL + 5 minutes.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 7) HA & performance
|
||||
|
||||
* **Stateless issuance** (except device codes/refresh) → scale horizontally behind a load‑balancer.
|
||||
* **DB** only for client metadata and optional flows; token checks are JWT‑local; introspection endpoints hit cache/DB minimally.
|
||||
* **Targets**:
|
||||
|
||||
* Token issuance P95 ≤ **20 ms** under warm cache.
|
||||
* DPoP proof validation ≤ **1 ms** extra per request at resource servers (Signer/Scanner).
|
||||
* 99.9% uptime; HPA on CPU/latency.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 8) Security posture
|
||||
|
||||
* **Strict TLS** (1.3 preferred); HSTS; modern cipher suites.
|
||||
* **mTLS** enabled where required (Signer/Attestor paths).
|
||||
* **Replay protection**: DPoP `jti` cache, nonce support for **Signer** (add `DPoP-Nonce` header on 401; clients re‑sign).
|
||||
* **Rate limits** per client & per IP; exponential backoff on failures.
|
||||
* **Secrets**: clients use **private_key_jwt** or **mTLS**; never basic secrets over the wire.
|
||||
* **CSP/CSRF** hardening on UI flows; `SameSite=Lax` cookies; PKCE enforced.
|
||||
* **Logs** redact `Authorization` and DPoP proofs; store `sub`, `aud`, `scopes`, `inst`, `tid`, `cnf` thumbprints, not full keys.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 9) Multi‑tenancy & installations
|
||||
|
||||
* **Tenant (`tid`)** and **Installation (`inst`)** registries define which audiences/scopes a client can request.
|
||||
* Cross‑tenant isolation enforced at issuance (disallow rogue `aud`), and resource servers **must** check that `tid` matches their configured tenant.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 10) Admin & operations APIs
|
||||
|
||||
All under `/admin` (mTLS + `authority.admin` scope).
|
||||
|
||||
```
|
||||
POST /admin/clients # create/update client (confidential/public)
|
||||
POST /admin/audiences # register audience resource URIs
|
||||
POST /admin/roles # define role→scope mappings
|
||||
POST /admin/tenants # create tenant/install entries
|
||||
POST /admin/keys/rotate # rotate signing key (zero-downtime)
|
||||
GET /admin/metrics # Prometheus exposition (token issue rates, errors)
|
||||
GET /admin/healthz|readyz # health/readiness
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Declared client `audiences` flow through to the issued JWT `aud` claim and the token request's `resource` indicators. Authority relies on this metadata to enforce DPoP nonce challenges for `signer`, `attestor`, and other high-value services without requiring clients to repeat the audience parameter on every request.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 11) Integration hard lines (what resource servers must enforce)
|
||||
|
||||
Every Stella Ops service that consumes Authority tokens **must**:
|
||||
|
||||
1. Verify JWT signature (`kid` in JWKS), `iss`, `aud`, `exp`, `nbf`.
|
||||
2. Enforce **sender‑constraint**:
|
||||
|
||||
* **DPoP**: validate DPoP proof (`htu`, `htm`, `iat`, `jti`) and match `cnf.jkt`; cache `jti` for replay defense; honor nonce challenges.
|
||||
* **mTLS**: match presented client cert thumbprint to token `cnf.x5t#S256`.
|
||||
3. Check **scopes**; optionally map to internal roles.
|
||||
4. Check **tenant** (`tid`) and **installation** (`inst`) as appropriate.
|
||||
5. For **Signer** only: require **both** OpTok and **PoE** in the request (enforced by Signer, not Authority).
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 12) Error surfaces & UX
|
||||
|
||||
* Token endpoint errors follow OAuth2 (`invalid_client`, `invalid_grant`, `invalid_scope`, `unauthorized_client`).
|
||||
* Resource servers use RFC 6750 style (`WWW-Authenticate: DPoP error="invalid_token", error_description="…", dpop_nonce="…" `).
|
||||
* For DPoP nonce challenges, clients retry with the server‑supplied nonce once.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 13) Observability & audit
|
||||
|
||||
* **Metrics**:
|
||||
|
||||
* `authority.tokens_issued_total{grant,aud}`
|
||||
* `authority.dpop_validations_total{result}`
|
||||
* `authority.mtls_bindings_total{result}`
|
||||
* `authority.jwks_rotations_total`
|
||||
* `authority.errors_total{type}`
|
||||
* **Audit log** (immutable sink): token issuance (`sub`, `aud`, `scopes`, `tid`, `inst`, `cnf thumbprint`, `jti`), revocations, admin changes.
|
||||
* **Tracing**: token flows, DB reads, JWKS cache.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 14) Configuration (YAML)
|
||||
|
||||
```yaml
|
||||
authority:
|
||||
issuer: "https://authority.internal"
|
||||
signing:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
activeKeyId: "authority-signing-2025"
|
||||
keyPath: "../certificates/authority-signing-2025.pem"
|
||||
algorithm: "ES256"
|
||||
keySource: "file"
|
||||
security:
|
||||
rateLimiting:
|
||||
token:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
permitLimit: 30
|
||||
window: "00:01:00"
|
||||
queueLimit: 0
|
||||
authorize:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
permitLimit: 60
|
||||
window: "00:01:00"
|
||||
queueLimit: 10
|
||||
internal:
|
||||
enabled: false
|
||||
permitLimit: 5
|
||||
window: "00:01:00"
|
||||
queueLimit: 0
|
||||
senderConstraints:
|
||||
dpop:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
allowedAlgorithms: [ "ES256", "ES384" ]
|
||||
proofLifetime: "00:02:00"
|
||||
allowedClockSkew: "00:00:30"
|
||||
replayWindow: "00:05:00"
|
||||
nonce:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
ttl: "00:10:00"
|
||||
maxIssuancePerMinute: 120
|
||||
store: "redis"
|
||||
redisConnectionString: "redis://authority-redis:6379?ssl=false"
|
||||
requiredAudiences:
|
||||
- "signer"
|
||||
- "attestor"
|
||||
mtls:
|
||||
enabled: true
|
||||
requireChainValidation: true
|
||||
rotationGrace: "00:15:00"
|
||||
enforceForAudiences:
|
||||
- "signer"
|
||||
allowedSanTypes:
|
||||
- "dns"
|
||||
- "uri"
|
||||
allowedCertificateAuthorities:
|
||||
- "/etc/ssl/mtls/clients-ca.pem"
|
||||
clients:
|
||||
- clientId: scanner-web
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "scanner" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "private_key_jwt", jwkFile: "/secrets/scanner-web.jwk" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "dpop"
|
||||
scopes: [ "scanner.scan", "scanner.export", "scanner.read" ]
|
||||
- clientId: signer
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "signer" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "mtls" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "mtls"
|
||||
scopes: [ "signer.sign" ]
|
||||
- clientId: notify-web-dev
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "notify.dev" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "client_secret", secretFile: "/secrets/notify-web-dev.secret" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "dpop"
|
||||
scopes: [ "notify.read", "notify.admin" ]
|
||||
- clientId: notify-web
|
||||
grantTypes: [ "client_credentials" ]
|
||||
audiences: [ "notify" ]
|
||||
auth: { type: "client_secret", secretFile: "/secrets/notify-web.secret" }
|
||||
senderConstraint: "dpop"
|
||||
scopes: [ "notify.read", "notify.admin" ]
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 15) Testing matrix
|
||||
|
||||
* **JWT validation**: wrong `aud`, expired `exp`, skewed `nbf`, stale `kid`.
|
||||
* **DPoP**: invalid `htu`/`htm`, replayed `jti`, stale `iat`, wrong `jkt`, nonce dance.
|
||||
* **mTLS**: wrong client cert, wrong CA, thumbprint mismatch.
|
||||
* **RBAC**: scope enforcement per audience; over‑privileged client denied.
|
||||
* **Rotation**: JWKS rotation while load‑testing; zero‑downtime verification.
|
||||
* **HA**: kill one Authority instance; verify issuance continues; JWKS served by peers.
|
||||
* **Performance**: 1k token issuance/sec on 2 cores with Redis enabled for jti caching.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 16) Threat model & mitigations (summary)
|
||||
|
||||
| Threat | Vector | Mitigation |
|
||||
| ------------------- | ---------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
|
||||
| Token theft | Copy of JWT | **Short TTL**, **sender‑constraint** (DPoP/mTLS); replay blocked by `jti` cache and nonces |
|
||||
| Replay across hosts | Reuse DPoP proof | Enforce `htu`/`htm`, `iat` freshness, `jti` uniqueness; services may require **nonce** |
|
||||
| Impersonation | Fake client | mTLS or `private_key_jwt` with pinned JWK; client registration & rotation |
|
||||
| Key compromise | Signing key leak | HSM/KMS storage, key rotation, audit; emergency key revoke path; narrow token TTL |
|
||||
| Cross‑tenant abuse | Scope elevation | Enforce `aud`, `tid`, `inst` at issuance and resource servers |
|
||||
| Downgrade to bearer | Strip DPoP | Resource servers require DPoP/mTLS based on `aud`; reject bearer without `cnf` |
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 17) Deployment & HA
|
||||
|
||||
* **Stateless** microservice, containerized; run ≥ 2 replicas behind LB.
|
||||
* **DB**: HA Postgres (or MySQL) for clients/roles; **Redis** for device codes, DPoP nonces/jtis.
|
||||
* **Secrets**: mount client JWKs via K8s Secrets/HashiCorp Vault; signing keys via KMS.
|
||||
* **Backups**: DB daily; Redis not critical (ephemeral).
|
||||
* **Disaster recovery**: export/import of client registry; JWKS rehydrate from KMS.
|
||||
* **Compliance**: TLS audit; penetration testing for OIDC flows.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 18) Implementation notes
|
||||
|
||||
* Reference stack: **.NET 10** + **OpenIddict 6** (or IdentityServer if licensed) with custom DPoP validator and mTLS binding middleware.
|
||||
* Keep the DPoP/JTI cache pluggable; allow Redis/Memcached.
|
||||
* Provide **client SDKs** for C# and Go: DPoP key mgmt, proof generation, nonce handling, token refresh helper.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 19) Quick reference — wire examples
|
||||
|
||||
**Access token (payload excerpt)**
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"iss": "https://authority.internal",
|
||||
"sub": "scanner-web",
|
||||
"aud": "signer",
|
||||
"exp": 1760668800,
|
||||
"iat": 1760668620,
|
||||
"nbf": 1760668620,
|
||||
"jti": "9d9c3f01-6e1a-49f1-8f77-9b7e6f7e3c50",
|
||||
"scope": "signer.sign",
|
||||
"tid": "tenant-01",
|
||||
"inst": "install-7A2B",
|
||||
"cnf": { "jkt": "KcVb2V...base64url..." }
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
**DPoP proof header fields (for POST /sign/dsse)**
|
||||
|
||||
```json
|
||||
{
|
||||
"htu": "https://signer.internal/sign/dsse",
|
||||
"htm": "POST",
|
||||
"iat": 1760668620,
|
||||
"jti": "4b1c9b3c-8a95-4c58-8a92-9c6cfb4a6a0b"
|
||||
}
|
||||
```
|
||||
|
||||
Signer validates that `hash(JWK)` in the proof matches `cnf.jkt` in the token.
|
||||
|
||||
---
|
||||
|
||||
## 20) Rollout plan
|
||||
|
||||
1. **MVP**: Client Credentials (private_key_jwt + DPoP), JWKS, short OpToks, per‑audience scopes.
|
||||
2. **Add**: mTLS‑bound tokens for Signer/Attestor; device code for CLI; optional introspection.
|
||||
3. **Hardening**: DPoP nonce support; full audit pipeline; HA tuning.
|
||||
4. **UX**: Tenant/installation admin UI; role→scope editors; client bootstrap wizards.
|
||||
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user